Tipping

Tipping is not mandatory but appreciated. In restaurants, around 5–10% is typical if a service charge is not included. Small tips may also be given to hotel staff, drivers, and guides.

Sockets and voltage

Iran uses plug types C and F. The standard voltage is 230 V with a frequency of 50 Hz.

Drinking water

Tap water is generally considered safe, but many travellers prefer bottled water due to mineral content and to avoid stomach issues.

Safety

Iran has a complex safety environment. While petty crime exists, the main concerns relate to political tensions and strict laws. Travellers should follow official advisories, avoid sensitive areas, and comply with local regulations at all times.

Body language

Greetings often involve handshakes. Use the right hand when giving or receiving items. Public displays of affection are not appropriate, and respectful, conservative behaviour is expected.

Business hours

The workweek typically runs from Saturday to Wednesday or Thursday. Offices generally operate from around 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM. Friday is the main day of rest.

Languages

The official language is Persian (Farsi). Other languages such as Azerbaijani, Kurdish, and Arabic are also spoken. English is understood in some urban and tourist areas but less so elsewhere.

Cultural insights

• Strict dress code

  Women must wear a headscarf and modest clothing; men should avoid shorts in public.

• Islamic laws

  Alcohol is illegal, and behaviour is regulated by religious and legal norms.

• Hospitality

  Iranian culture is known for strong hospitality traditions and politeness.

• Social norms

  Respect for traditions, religion, and authority is essential when travelling.