Tipping

Tipping is common in Turkey. In restaurants and cafés, leaving around 5–10% of the bill is customary if a service charge is not already included. Small tips are also expected for hotel staff, taxi drivers, and tour guides.

Sockets and voltage

Turkey uses plug types C and F (European standard). The standard voltage is 230 V with a frequency of 50 Hz, so most European devices will work without a converter, though visitors from other regions may need a plug adapter.

Drinking water

Tap water is generally treated and safe, but many locals and visitors prefer bottled water due to taste and mineral content. Bottled water is widely available and inexpensive.

Safety

Turkey is generally safe for travelers, particularly in major tourist destinations. However, petty crime such as pickpocketing can occur in crowded places, markets, and public transportation. Visitors should remain aware of their surroundings and follow local safety advice.

Body language

Handshakes are common when greeting someone for the first time. Close friends or relatives may greet each other with a light kiss on both cheeks. Using the right hand when giving or receiving items is considered polite.

Business hours

Offices typically operate Monday to Friday from about 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM. Shops, markets, and restaurants often open earlier and remain open later, especially in tourist areas.

Languages

The official language is Turkish. English is widely spoken in major cities and tourist areas, while Kurdish and other minority languages are spoken in some regions.

Cultural insights

• Hospitality

  Offering tea (çay) to guests is a common and important social tradition.

• Dress modestly

  Casual clothing is common, but modest dress is recommended when visiting mosques or religious sites.

• Market culture

  Traditional bazaars are important social and commercial centers.

• Respect for tradition

  Family values and cultural traditions play an important role in everyday life.