A Tiny Landlocked Country

Andorra is a small, landlocked country located in the Pyrenees Mountains between France and Spain. It covers an area of just 468 square kilometers (181 square miles), making it one of the smallest countries in the world, but it is rich in natural beauty and history.

A Principality with Two Co-Princes

Andorra is unique in that it is a principality with two co-princes. The President of France and the Bishop of Urgell, a Spanish diocese, serve as the two co-princes. This arrangement dates back to the 13th century and reflects the country’s historical ties to both France and Spain.

The Pyrenees

Andorra is located in the Pyrenees, a mountain range that forms a natural border between France and Spain. The country’s mountainous terrain makes it an attractive destination for outdoor enthusiasts, offering excellent opportunities for skiing, hiking, and mountain biking.

Famous for Skiing and Winter Sports

Andorra is known for its excellent ski resorts, making it a popular destination for winter sports. Resorts such as Grandvalira and Vallnord offer a variety of ski slopes, snowboarding areas, and other winter activities. The country’s snow-covered peaks attract visitors from around the world during the ski season.

A Tax Haven

Andorra is known for being a tax haven, with low tax rates on income, capital gains, and corporate taxes. The country’s favorable tax laws have attracted many international businesses, making it a popular location for individuals and companies seeking to reduce their tax burdens.

A Long History of Independence

Andorra has a long history of independence, despite its small size. It was granted sovereignty in the 13th century, and its unique co-principal system of government has allowed it to maintain a degree of autonomy throughout history, even as it was influenced by France and Spain.

The Andorran Flag

The flag of Andorra features three vertical stripes: blue, yellow, and red. In the center of the yellow stripe is the country’s coat of arms, which includes symbols representing the region’s historical ties to both France and Spain. The flag reflects Andorra’s cultural heritage and its position between two major European nations.

No Standing Army

Andorra is one of the few countries in the world that does not have a standing army. Instead, Andorra relies on its diplomatic relationships with France and Spain for defense and security. The country does have a small police force, which handles law enforcement duties.

The Official Language is Catalan

The official language of Andorra is Catalan, a Romance language spoken in parts of Spain and France. While Catalan is the primary language used in government and education, many Andorrans also speak Spanish, French, and English, reflecting the country’s multicultural influences.

A Popular Tourist Destination

Despite its small size, Andorra attracts over 10 million tourists annually. Visitors are drawn to the country for its natural beauty, ski resorts, and duty-free shopping opportunities. Andorra’s small towns, such as Andorra la Vella (the capital), offer a charming mix of old-world architecture and modern amenities.

A Rich Cultural Scene

Andorra has a vibrant cultural scene, with numerous museums, galleries, and festivals. The country celebrates traditional Catalan festivals, such as La Patum de Berga, and hosts events like the Andorra Mountain Music Festival and the Andorra Arts Festival. The country also boasts a rich history of Romanesque art, seen in its many churches and chapels.

Andorra la Vella – The Highest Capital in Europe

Andorra la Vella, the capital city, is the highest capital in Europe, sitting at an elevation of 1,023 meters (3,356 feet) above sea level. The city is known for its beautiful old town, shopping districts, and modern architecture. It is a popular base for visitors exploring the surrounding mountains.

A Unique Parliament

Andorra has a unique political system, which includes a parliamentary democracy combined with the traditional co-princes system. The country’s parliament, known as the General Council, is made up of 28 members who are elected every four years. The political system blends traditional governance with modern democratic principles.

The Caldea Spa

One of Andorra’s most famous attractions is the Caldea Spa, located in Escaldes-Engordany. It is one of Europe’s largest health spas and is known for its natural thermal waters. Visitors come from all over the world to enjoy the spa’s therapeutic treatments and relax in its stunning hot spring pools, which offer breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains.