Ca Kho To (Vietnamese Caramelized Fish in Clay Pot)

Ca Kho To is a beloved Vietnamese dish that features fish, typically catfish, slow-cooked in a savory-sweet caramel sauce. It’s rich, flavorful, and aromatic, often served with steamed rice, making it a staple of home-cooked meals in Vietnam. The caramelized fish pairs perfectly with the salty fish sauce and the hint of black pepper, creating a deliciously comforting and satisfying dish.

Ingredients

For the Fish:

• 2 medium catfish fillets (or any firm white fish)
• 1 tablespoon vegetable oil
• 2 tablespoons sugar
• 1/4 cup fish sauce
• 1 tablespoon soy sauce
• 1 teaspoon black pepper
• 1 onion, thinly sliced
• 2 cloves garlic, minced
• 1/2 cup coconut water (or water if unavailable)
• 1 red chili (optional, for heat)
• 2 green onions, chopped (for garnish)

Instructions

1. Prepare the Fish

   Rinse the catfish fillets under cold water and pat them dry with paper towels. Cut the fillets into 2-inch pieces, if they are large.

2. Make the Caramel Sauce

   In a clay pot (or a heavy-bottomed skillet), heat vegetable oil over medium heat. Add sugar and allow it to melt slowly, swirling the pot occasionally to ensure even caramelization. When the sugar has turned a deep amber color, carefully add the fish sauce and soy sauce. The sauce will bubble up, so be cautious. Stir to combine.

3. Cook the Fish

   Add the fish pieces to the caramel sauce and gently stir to coat. Let the fish cook for about 2-3 minutes, allowing it to absorb some of the caramel flavors.

4. Simmer

   Add the sliced onion, minced garlic, and black pepper to the pot. Pour in the coconut water and bring to a simmer. Reduce the heat to low and cover the pot. Let it cook for about 20-30 minutes, or until the fish is tender and the sauce has thickened to a glossy consistency.

5. Finishing Touches

   If desired, add the sliced red chili for a bit of heat, and let it cook for an additional 5 minutes.

6. Serve

   Garnish with chopped green onions and serve hot with steamed white rice.

Serving

Ca Kho To is best enjoyed with a side of fresh vegetables or pickled veggies to balance out the rich flavors of the dish. The caramelized fish sauce, rich in umami and sweetness, pairs wonderfully with simple, fluffy rice, making this dish a true comfort food in Vietnamese cuisine.

Enjoy the unique, bold flavors of Ca Kho To, a traditional Vietnamese dish that brings together sweetness, saltiness, and the warm aroma of slow-cooked fish.